Student Loan Repayments Explained

How Plan 1, 2, 4 and 5 undergraduate loans and postgraduate loans are repaid from salary.

Reviewed against official HMRC guidance

Tax year
2026/27
Last reviewed
August 2026
Reading time
8 min

How UK student loan repayments work

Who this guide is for: For employees with Plan 1, 2, 4 or 5 loans and anyone with a postgraduate loan deducted through PAYE.

Most UK student loans are repaid as a percentage of income above a threshold, not as a fixed monthly bill. When you are employed, your employer deducts repayments through PAYE alongside Income Tax and National Insurance — only when your earnings exceed the threshold for your plan.

Plans and thresholds for 2026/27

Annual thresholds from Northline's 2026/27 configuration — confirm on GOV.UK for your plan.
PlanAnnual thresholdRateTypical cohort / region
Plan 1£26,900.009%Older England and Wales loans; some Northern Ireland loans
Plan 2£29,385.009%England and Wales undergraduates from 2012
Plan 4£33,795.009%Scottish undergraduate loans
Plan 5£25,000.009%Newer English undergraduate loans
Postgraduate Loan£21,000.006%Separate from undergraduate plans

Worked example

Plan 2 employee on £32,000

Tax year 2026/27 · England · tax code 1257L · no pension · Plan 2 only · NI category A. Figures from the shared engine.

Plan 2 employee on £32,000
Gross salary£32,000.00
Plan 2 threshold£29,385.00
Repayment at 9% (key figure)£235.35

Payroll uses pay-period thresholds. This annual estimate matches the calculator under the same inputs.

Estimate take-home pay with your student loan plan Use the Income Tax Calculator

To work from a target net amount, use the Net to Gross Salary Calculator. PAYE collection is explained in PAYE Explained.

Common misunderstandings

  • Repayments clear the loan quickly. Many borrowers will not repay the full balance before write-off, depending on plan and balance.
  • Student loan is a tax. It is a repayment obligation collected like tax but with different rules and thresholds.
  • Payroll stops the day the balance clears. Do not rely on that — reporting delays are common.

Frequently asked questions

Which student loan plan do I have?

It depends when and where you studied. England and Wales undergraduates from 2012 usually have Plan 2; Scotland Plan 4; newer English loans may be Plan 5. Check your annual statement or GOV.UK guidance for your cohort.

Can undergraduate and postgraduate loans be deducted together?

Yes. Each has its own threshold and rate. Payroll can deduct both in the same pay period when HMRC has notified your employer.

Do repayments stop the day the balance hits zero?

Not always immediately. Reporting delays between the loan company, HMRC and payroll can mean deductions continue briefly after the balance is cleared. Check statements and your Personal Tax Account rather than assuming payroll stops overnight.

Does a bonus increase student loan deductions?

Often yes in that pay period, because repayments are based on income above the plan threshold. Extra taxable pay can increase the deduction even if your usual salary is unchanged.

Official sources

Related calculators

Related guides

Next steps

This guide is for general information only. It is not tax, legal or financial advice. Always check the official guidance for your situation.