Tax Codes Explained

How PAYE tax codes work, what 1257L means, and how to check your code is right.

Reviewed against official HMRC guidance

Tax year
2026/27
Last reviewed
August 2026
Reading time
8 min

What a tax code does

Who this guide is for: Helpful when checking a payslip code, starting a second job, or using the Income Tax Calculator's tax-code interpretation.

Your tax code tells payroll how much Income Tax to deduct under PAYE. It reflects your Personal Allowance and adjustments such as benefits in kind or unpaid tax collected via your wages.

For 2026/27, the standard code in Northline's tax-year config is 1257L. Interpretations below use the same shared tax-code parser as the Income Tax Calculator.

Common codes explained

Meanings from Northline's shared tax-code parser — always confirm against your Personal Tax Account.
CodeWhat it usually meansWhen it may appearWhat to check
1257LStandard cumulative tax codeCommon for a single employment with the standard Personal Allowance.Matches your Personal Tax Account and expected allowance.
BRAll pay taxed at basic rateOften a second job, or when allowance is used elsewhere.Confirm which job holds your Personal Allowance.
D0All pay taxed at higher rateTypically when allowance and basic-rate band are used on another income.Expected if you already use basic-rate room elsewhere — not always an error.
D1All pay taxed at additional rateLess common; used when lower bands are fully used elsewhere.Compare with total income and other employments.
0TNo Personal AllowanceStarter situations, emergency treatment, or allowance used elsewhere.Whether a full cumulative code should replace it.
K500Negative allowance tax codeBenefits, underpaid tax collected via payroll, or similar adjustments.Whether the K adjustment matches known benefits or underpayments.
NTNo Income Tax deductedSpecific situations where payroll should not deduct Income Tax.Confirm with HMRC if unexpected — uncommon for most employees.
1257L M1 / W1Same base code operated on a non-cumulative (month-1 / week-1) basis.Often temporary after starting a job or until records catch up.See Emergency Tax Codes Explained if it persists.
X suffixNon-cumulative marker used in some payroll presentations.Alongside emergency or week-1 / month-1 treatment.Whether HMRC has issued a cumulative code yet.
S1257LScottish prefix — Scottish Income Tax bands apply to non-savings income.HMRC treats you as a Scottish taxpayer.Residence status, not where your employer's office is.
C1257LWelsh (C) prefix — Welsh taxpayer coding.HMRC treats you as a Welsh taxpayer.Personal Tax Account shows the expected nation.

Check it against your situation

A wrong code can under- or over-deduct tax all year. Compare the code with your Personal Tax Account and update HMRC if benefits or jobs have changed. For how bands interact with allowance, see Income Tax Bands Explained.

Interpret your tax code and estimate take-home pay Use the Income Tax Calculator

Frequently asked questions

What does 1257L mean?

1257L is the standard tax code for many employees in 2026/27. The number relates to your Personal Allowance (roughly £12,570.00), and L usually means you are entitled to the standard Personal Allowance.

Is BR always incorrect?

No. BR is often correct for a second job so that Personal Allowance is not given twice. It can also appear temporarily. Check which employment holds your allowance before assuming an error.

Where do I find my tax code?

On your payslip, your Personal Tax Account on GOV.UK, or HMRC correspondence. If the code looks wrong, check for benefits, underpayments or a second job.

Does a tax code change National Insurance?

No. Tax codes drive Income Tax under PAYE. National Insurance uses separate thresholds and category letters.

Official sources

Related calculators

Related guides

Next steps

This guide is for general information only. It is not tax, legal or financial advice. Always check the official guidance for your situation.