Dividend Tax Explained

How personal Dividend Tax works — reserves, the dividend allowance, rates and band interaction.

Reviewed against official HMRC guidance

Tax year
2026/27
Last reviewed
August 2026
Reading time
10 min

When Dividend Tax applies

Who this guide is for: For shareholders receiving dividends from a personal company or other shareholdings — focused on personal Dividend Tax, not a full company extraction overview.

  1. Step 1Company earns profit
  2. Step 2Corporation Tax
  3. Step 3Post-tax dividend capacity
  4. Step 4Dividend received personally
  5. Step 5Personal Dividend Tax
Company tax and personal Dividend Tax are separate charges.

Dividend Tax is charged on dividend income you receive as an individual. It is separate from Corporation Tax paid by the company that distributed the dividend.

Company capacity before personal tax

  1. Step 1Company profit
  2. Step 2Salary & employer costs

    Separate company cost branches

    • Branch AEmployer National Insurance
    • Branch BEmployer pension
  3. Step 3Corporation Tax
  4. Step 4Post-tax reserves
  5. Step 5Dividends (highlighted in this guide)
  6. Step 6Personal tax
  7. Step 7Take-home cash

Employer National Insurance and employer pension contributions usually reduce taxable company profit before Corporation Tax. Dividends come later, from post-tax distributable reserves, and personal tax is calculated on what the director receives.

Dividends sit after Corporation Tax, from post-tax reserves.

Before personal Dividend Tax matters, the company needs distributable reserves and enough cash to pay. Cash alone is not enough. How Corporation Tax shapes post-tax profit is explained in Corporation Tax Explained; the salary-versus-dividend overview is in Director Salary and Dividends Explained.

2026/27 dividend rates

Dividend schedule from Northline's 2026/27 director overlay.
ItemAmount / rate
Dividend allowance (0% band)£500.00
Ordinary dividend rate10.75%
Upper dividend rate35.75%
Additional dividend rate39.35%

Worked examples

Dividends entirely within the allowance

Tax year 2026/27 · England · non-savings income £12,570.00 · dividends £500.00 · no pension · no student loan. Shared dividend-tax engine.

Dividends entirely within the allowance
Dividend income£500.00
Dividend allowance used£500.00
Dividend Tax (key figure)£0.00

Dividends within the basic-rate band

Same assumptions · dividends £10,000.00.

Dividends within the basic-rate band
Dividend income£10,000.00
Ordinary-rate slice£9,500.00
Ordinary-rate Dividend Tax (10.75%)£1,021.25
Total Dividend Tax (key figure)£1,021.25

Dividends crossing into the higher-rate band

Non-savings income £40,000.00 · dividends £20,000.00.

Dividends crossing into the higher-rate band
Non-savings Income Tax (for context)£5,486.00
Ordinary-rate Dividend Tax (10.75%)£1,050.28
Upper-rate Dividend Tax (35.75%)£3,478.48
Total Dividend Tax (key figure)£4,528.75

Company and investment dividends share one allowance

Non-savings £12,570.00 · company dividends £5,000.00 · other dividends £8,000.00.

Company and investment dividends share one allowance
Total dividend income£13,000.00
Total Dividend Tax (key figure)£1,343.75

All taxable dividends share the same allowance. ISA dividends are normally outside this charge.

Personal Allowance taper with dividends in the mix

Non-savings £90,000.00 · dividends £20,000.00 · adjusted net income £110,000.00.

Personal Allowance taper with dividends in the mix
Personal Allowance after taper£7,570.00
Dividend Tax (key figure)£6,971.25

Dividends count toward adjusted net income, so they can contribute to Personal Allowance taper even though they use dividend rates. See Income Tax Bands Explained for the £1-for-£2 taper rules.

Estimate Dividend Tax alongside salary and Corporation Tax Use the Director Salary and Dividend Calculator

Where to go next

Frequently asked questions

Is the dividend allowance tax-free income?

The dividend allowance is a zero-rate band on dividends, not a deduction that removes dividends from total income. Dividends covered by the allowance still occupy Income Tax bands and still count toward adjusted net income for things like the Personal Allowance taper.

Do dividends use up tax bands?

Yes. Dividends are treated as the top slice of income. Even the portion charged at 0% under the dividend allowance uses band space before the rest of your dividends are taxed at ordinary, upper or additional rates.

Do investment dividends count as well?

Yes. All taxable dividend income shares the same dividend allowance — company dividends and portfolio dividends outside an ISA are combined for the personal calculation.

Are Scottish dividend rates different?

No. Dividend rates and the UK band ceilings used for dividend placement are UK-wide. Scotland's different non-savings bands can still change how much band space salary uses before dividends start.

Official sources

Related calculators

Related guides

Next steps

This guide is for general information only. It is not tax, legal or financial advice. Always check the official guidance for your situation.